Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/68Show full title

6. Braking tests

6.1. General

6.1.1. The relevant requirements of point 2.1 of Annex II shall be fulfilled.

6.1.2. During the brake test the drivability shall be assessed (e.g. tendency for lifting the rear axle due to the braking action of the service brakes).

6.1.2.1. Lift-off is not permitted for Class III vehicles.

6.1.2.2. Lifting-off of an axle is permissible for vehicles of Class I and Class II at a deceleration exceeding 4,5 m/s²; however, the driving stability shall be preserved.

Here, the braking effect of the hydrostatic drive has also to be taken into account.

6.2. Type-0 test

6.2.1. General

6.2.1.1. The brake shall be cold. A brake is deemed to be cold when the conditions as specified in point 2.2.1.1 of Annex II are met.

6.2.1.2. The test shall be conducted under the conditions as specified in point 2.2.1.3 of Annex II.

6.2.1.3. The road shall be level.

6.2.2. In the case of manually operated drive control device (Class I and Class II vehicles), the performance of the service brake shall be assessed by moving the drive lever to neutral just before operating the service brake in order to ensure not to brake against the hydrostatic system. In the case of Class III vehicles this sequence shall be automatic, using only the service brake control.

6.2.3. Service braking system

The limits prescribed for minimum performance, both for tests with the vehicle unladen and for tests with the vehicle laden, are those laid down in point 6.3 for each class of vehicle.

The service braking system has to meet the requirements in point 6.3.1.

When used as a service braking system,

6.2.3.1. a combination hydrostatic braking system shall also meet the requirements with regard to the minimum braking portion of friction brake(s) as specified in point 6.3.1.

6.2.3.2. a combination friction braking system shall also meet the requirements with regard to the minimum braking portion of friction brake(s) as specified in point 6.3.1.

The performance of the friction brake shall also be determined. In this type of test, the effect of the hydrostatic transmission shall be neutralised to assess the friction brake and rolling resistance.

If the hydrostatic brake cannot be disconnected for technical reasons, the proportion of the friction brake may be determined by another method, e.g.:

6.2.3.3. Successive brake tests are performed

6.2.3.3.1 with the combination hydrostatic braking system with the friction brake(s) connected

6.2.3.3.2 with the combination hydrostatic braking system with the friction brake(s) rendered inoperative (only 'hydrostatic braking')

Then this formula is used:

z_F = z_Hy+F – z_Hy + R

z_F

:

Mean fully developed deceleration of the friction braking system including rolling resistance

z_Hy

:

Mean fully developed deceleration related only to the braking effect of the hydrostatic braking system including rolling resistance

z_Hy+F

:

Mean fully developed deceleration of the combination hydrostatic braking system.

R

:

Rolling resistance = 0,02

6.2.4. Secondary braking system

6.2.4.1. The secondary braking effectiveness test shall be conducted by either simulating the actual failure conditions in the service braking system or by carrying out this test with a secondary braking system which is independent from the service braking system.

6.2.4.2. The system shall be tested with the appropriate control device.

The prescribed performance shall be obtained by applying to the control device a force not exceeding 600 N on a foot or 400 N on a hand operated control device. The control device shall be so placed that it can be easily and quickly applied by the driver.

6.2.4.3. The limits prescribed for minimum performance, both for tests with the vehicle unladen and for tests with the vehicle laden, are those laid down in point 6.3.2 for each class of vehicle.

6.3. Performance tests of service and secondary braking system (Type-0)

	Laden & Unladen		Class I	Class II	Class III
	(v in km/h; s in m; dm in m/s2)	v	≤ 12	≤ 30	≤ 40
6.3.1.	Service braking system	s	≤ 0,15v + v2/78	≤ 0,15v + v2/92	≤ 0,15v + v2/130
		dm	≥ 3,0	≥ 3,55	≥ 5,0
6.3.1.1.	Minimum braking portion of friction brake(s) in a combination hydrostatic braking system	s	≤ 0,15v + v2/26	≤ 0,15v + v2/40	≤ 0,15v + v2/40
		dm	≥ 1,0	≥ 1,5	≥ 1,5
6.3.1.2.	Minimum braking portion of friction brake(s) within a combination friction braking system	s	≤ 0,15v + v2/52	≤ 0,15v + v2/52	≤ 0,15v + v2/78
		dm	≥ 2,0	≥ 2,0	≥ 3,0
6.3.2.	Secondary braking system	s	≤ 0,15v + v2/40	≤ 0,15v + v2/40	≤ 0,15v + v2/57
		dm	≥ 1,5	≥ 1,5	≥ 2,2

6.4. Brake test Type-I (fade)

6.4.1. The service brakes shall be tested in such a manner that, the vehicle being laden, the energy input to the brakes is equivalent to that recorded in the same period of time with a laden vehicle driven at a steady speed of 40 km/h on a 7 per cent down-gradient for a distance of 1,7 km.

6.4.2. Alternately, the test may be carried out on a level road, the tractor being drawn by a tractor; during the test, the force applied to the control device shall be adjusted so as to keep the resistance of the towed vehicle constant (7 per cent of the maximum total stationary axle load of the tested tractor). If the power available for hauling is insufficient, the test can be conducted at a lower speed but over a greater distance as shown in the table below:

Speed [km/h]	Distance [metres]
40	1 700
30	1 950
20	2 500
15	3 100

6.4.3. As an alternative to the procedure with continuous braking described in points 6.4.1 and 6.4.2., the test procedure described in point 2.3.1 of Annex II with repeated braking may also be used.

6.4.4. Hot performance

At the end of the Type-I test the hot performance of the service braking system shall be measured in the same conditions (and in particular at a constant control force no greater than the mean force actually used) as for the Type-0 test (the temperature conditions may be different).

6.4.4.1. The hot braking performance of the service braking system shall not be below the limits given in the table of following point 6.4.4.2.

6.4.4.2. Minimum prescribed hot performance (Type-I test)

Service braking system	Hot performance as % of the prescribed value	Hot performance as % of the value recorded during Type-0 test
Hydrostatic braking system	90	90
Combination hydrostatic braking system	90	80
Combination friction braking system	80	60
Friction braking system	75	60

6.4.5. The type-I Test can be omitted provided that the following two conditions are met:

6.4.5.1.

At least 60 % of the total braking forces during the Type-0 test of the service braking system (see point 6.2.3) is produced by the braking with the hydrostatic drive.

6.4.5.2.

The manufacturer can prove that overheating of the brakes in case of permanent operation is prevented.

6.5. Parking braking system

6.5.1. With regard to the parking braking system the requirements of point 3.1.3 of Annex II shall be fulfilled.

6.5.2. To check compliance with the requirement specified in point 2.2.1.2.4 of Annex I, a Type-0 test shall be carried out with the laden vehicle at an initial test speed of v ≥ 0,8 v_max. The mean fully developed deceleration on application of the control device of the parking braking system and the deceleration immediately before the vehicle stops shall not be less than 1,5 m/s². The force exerted on the braking control device shall not exceed the specified values.

In the case of a manually operated drive control (Class I and Class II vehicles), the performance of the parking brake system in motion shall be assessed by moving the drive control to neutral just before operating the parking braking system in order to ensure not to brake against the hydrostatic system. In the case of Class III vehicles this sequence shall be automatic, using only the service brake control.