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Obligor risk characteristics;
Transaction risk characteristics, including product or collateral types or both. Credit institutions shall explicitly address cases where several exposures benefit from the same collateral; and
Delinquency, unless the credit institution demonstrates to its competent authority that delinquency is not a material risk drivers for the exposure;
The grade or pool definitions and criteria shall be sufficiently detailed to allow those charged with assigning ratings to consistently assign obligors or facilities posing similar risk to the same grade or pool. This consistency shall exist across lines of business, departments and geographic locations;
The documentation of the rating process shall allow third parties to understand the assignments of exposures to grades or pools, to replicate grade and pool assignments and to evaluate the appropriateness of the assignments to a grade or a pool; and
The criteria shall also be consistent with the credit institution's internal lending standards and its policies for handling troubled obligors and facilities.
country transfer risk, this being dependent on whether the exposures are denominated in local or foreign currency;
where the treatment of associated guarantees to an exposure may be reflected in an adjusted assignment to an obligor grade; and
where consumer protection, bank secrecy or other legislation prohibit the exchange of client data.
the credit institution shall demonstrate to its competent authority that the model has good predictive power and that capital requirements are not distorted as a result of its use. The input variables shall form a reasonable and effective basis for the resulting predictions. The model shall not have material biases;
the credit institution shall have in place a process for vetting data inputs into the model, which includes an assessment of the accuracy, completeness and appropriateness of the data;
the credit institution shall demonstrate that the data used to build the model is representative of the population of the credit institution's actual obligors or exposures;
the credit institution shall have a regular cycle of model validation that includes monitoring of model performance and stability; review of model specification; and testing of model outputs against outcomes; and
the credit institution shall complement the statistical model by human judgement and human oversight to review model-based assignments and to ensure that the models are used appropriately. Review procedures shall aim at finding and limiting errors associated with model weaknesses. Human judgements shall take into account all relevant information not considered by the model. The credit institution shall document how human judgement and model results are to be combined.
provide a detailed outline of the theory, assumptions and/or mathematical and empirical basis of the assignment of estimates to grades, individual obligors, exposures, or pools, and the data source(s) used to estimate the model;
establish a rigorous statistical process (including out-of-time and out-of-sample performance tests) for validating the model; and
indicate any circumstances under which the model does not work effectively.
complete rating histories on obligors and recognised guarantors;
the dates the ratings were assigned;
the key data and methodology used to derive the rating;
the person responsible for the rating assignment;
the identity of obligors and exposures that defaulted;
the date and circumstances of such defaults; and
data on the PDs and realised default rates associated with rating grades and ratings migration;
Credit institutions not using own estimates of LGDs and/or conversion factors shall collect and store data on comparisons of realised LGDs to the values as set out in Part 2, point 8 and realised conversion factors to the values as set out in Part 3, point 9.
complete histories of data on the facility ratings and LGD and conversion factor estimates associated with each rating scale;
the dates the ratings were assigned and the estimates were done;
the key data and methodology used to derive the facility ratings and LGD and conversion factor estimates;
the person who assigned the facility rating and the person who provided LGD and conversion factor estimates;
data on the estimated and realised LGDs and conversion factors associated with each defaulted exposure;
data on the LGD of the exposure before and after evaluation of the effects of a guarantee/or credit derivative, for those credit institutions that reflect the credit risk mitigating effects of guarantees or credit derivatives through LGD; and
data on the components of loss for each defaulted exposure.
data used in the process of allocating exposures to grades or pools;
data on the estimated PDs, LGDs and conversion factors associated with grades or pools of exposures;
the identity of obligors and exposures that defaulted;
for defaulted exposures, data on the grades or pools to which the exposure was assigned over the year prior to default and the realised outcomes on LGD and conversion factor; and
data on loss rates for qualifying revolving retail exposures.