1.For the purposes of this Directive the following definitions shall apply:
(a)‘rental’ means making available for use, for a limited period of time and for direct or indirect economic or commercial advantage;
(b)‘lending’ means making available for use, for a limited period of time and not for direct or indirect economic or commercial advantage, when it is made through establishments which are accessible to the public;
(c)‘film’ means a cinematographic or audiovisual work or moving images, whether or not accompanied by sound.
2.The principal director of a cinematographic or audiovisual work shall be considered as its author or one of its authors. Member States may provide for others to be considered as its co-authors.