Commission Implementing Decision of 26 September 2014 establishing the best available techniques (BAT) conclusions, under Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, for the production of pulp, paper and board (notified under document C(2014) 6750) (Text with EEA relevance) (2014/687/EU) (c. 687)

ANNEX U.K. BAT CONCLUSIONS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PULP, PAPER AND BOARD

ACRONYMS U.K.

1.2. BAT CONCLUSIONS FOR KRAFT PULPING PROCESS U.K.

1.2.1. Waste water and emissions to water U.K.

BAT 19. In order to reduce emissions of pollutants into receiving waters from the whole mill, BAT is to use TCF or modern ECF bleaching (see description in Section 1.7.2.1), and a suitable combination of the techniques specified in BAT 13, BAT 14, BAT 15 and BAT 16 and of the techniques given below. U.K.

	Technique	Description	Applicability
a	Modified cooking before bleaching	See Section 1.7.2.1	Generally applicable
b	Oxygen delignification before bleaching
c	Closed brown stock screening and efficient brown stock washing
d	Partial process water recycling in the bleach plant		Water recycling may be limited due to incrustation in bleaching
e	Effective spill monitoring and containment with a suitable recovery system		Generally applicable
f	Maintaining sufficient black liquor evaporation and recovery boiler capacity to cope with peak loads		Generally applicable
g	Stripping the contaminated (foul) condensates and reusing the condensates in the process

BAT-associated emission levels U.K.

See Table 1 and Table 2. These BAT-associated emission levels are not applicable to dissolving kraft pulp mills.

The reference waste water flow for kraft mills is set out in BAT 5.

Table 1

BAT-associated emission levels for the direct waste water discharge to receiving waters from a bleached kraft pulp mill

a The BAT-AEL ranges refer to market pulp production and the pulp production part of integrated mills (emissions from papermaking are not included).
b A compact biological waste water treatment plant can result in slightly higher emission levels.
c The upper end of the range refers to mills using eucalyptus from regions with higher levels of phosphorus (e.g. Iberian eucalyptus).
d Applicable for mills using chlorine containing bleaching chemicals.
e For mills producing pulp with high strength, stiffness and high purity properties (e.g. for liquid packaging board and LWC), emissions level of AOX up to 0,25 kg/ADt may occur.
Parameter	Yearly averagekg/ADta
Chemical oxygen demand (COD)	7 – 20
Total suspended solids (TSS)	0,3 – 1,5
Total nitrogen	0,05 – 0,25b
Total phosphorus	0,01 – 0,03b Eucalyptus: 0,02 – 0,11 kg/ADtc
Adsorbable organically bound halogens (AOX)d e	0 – 0,2

Table 2

BAT-associated emission levels for the direct waste water discharge to receiving waters from an unbleached kraft pulp mill

a The BAT-AEL ranges refer to market pulp production and the pulp production part of integrated mills (emissions from papermaking are not included).
b A compact biological waste water treatment plant can result in slightly higher emission levels.
Parameter	Yearly averagekg/ADta
Chemical oxygen demand (COD)	2,5 – 8
Total suspended solids (TSS)	0,3 – 1,0
Total nitrogen	0,1 – 0,2b
Total phosphorus	0,01 – 0,02b

The BOD concentration in the treated effluents is expected to be low (around 25 mg/l as a 24-hour composite sample).