Any person with the following two:

• Signs, symptoms and/or radiological findings consistent with active tuberculosis in any site

AND

• A clinician’s decision to treat the person with a full course of anti-tuberculosis therapy

OR

A case discovered post-mortem with pathological findings consistent with active tuberculosis that would have indicated anti-tuberculosis antibiotic treatment had the patient been diagnosed before dying

• Laboratory criteria for case confirmation

  At least one of the following two:

  • Isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (excluding Mycobacterium bovis-BCG) from a clinical specimen

  • Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex nucleic acid in a clinical specimen AND positive microscopy for acid-fast bacilli or equivalent fluorescent staining bacilli on light microscopy

• Laboratory criteria for a probable case

  At least one of the following three:

  • Microscopy for acid-fast bacilli or equivalent fluorescent staining bacilli on light microscopy

  • Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex nucleic acid in a clinical specimen

  • Histological appearance of granulomata